Course Objectives

This course aims to:

• Introduce the fundamental concepts of network security and cryptography.
• Provide an understanding of various security threats and vulnerabilities in networks.
• Teach students about different cryptographic algorithms and their applications.
• Enable students to analyze and design secure network systems.

Course Outcomes

Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. Identify and assess security threats and vulnerabilities in computer networks.
2. Understand and apply various cryptographic algorithms for data confidentiality, integrity, and authentication.
3. Design and implement security mechanisms for network protocols and applications.
4. Evaluate the effectiveness of different security solutions.
5. Stay updated with the latest trends and developments in network security and cryptography.

Detailed Syllabus

Module 1: Introduction to Network Security

• Security Attacks, Security Services, Security Mechanisms, A Model for Network Security
• Classical Encryption techniques:
  • Substitution ciphers (Caesar cipher, Monoalphabetic cipher, Playfair cipher, Hill cipher)
  • Transposition Ciphers
  • Steganography

Module 2: Block Ciphers & Public Key Cryptography

• Block Cipher Principles: Stream ciphers and block ciphers, Data Encryption Standard (DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Multiple Encryption and Triple DES, Block cipher modes of operation.
• Public-key Cryptography & RSA: Principles of public-key cryptosystems, The RSA algorithm, Key Management, Diffie-Hellman key exchange, Elliptic curve cryptography.

Module 3: Cryptographic Hash Functions & Message Authentication

• Cryptographic Hash Functions: Applications of cryptographic hash functions, Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA), Message authentication codes, Digital signatures, and Authentication protocols.

Module 4: Network Security & Email Security

• Network Security: Kerberos, X.509 Authentication Service, Public-key Infrastructure
• Email Security: Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), S/MIME

Module 5: IP Security & Web Security

• IP Security: IP Security overview, IP Security policy, Encapsulating Security Payload, Combining Security Associations, Internet Key Exchange (Phases of IKE, Internet Key Exchange protocol)
• Web Security: Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS), Secure Electronic Transaction (SET)

Module 6: System Security

• Intrusion detection, Password management, Malicious software, Viruses and related threats, Virus countermeasures, Firewall Design Principles, Trusted systems.

Textbooks

• Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice by William Stallings

Reference Books

• Network Security Essentials: Applications and Standards by William Stallings
• Principles of Information Security by Michael E. Whitman and Herbert J. Mattord

List of Experiments (Expandable)

1. Implement the following algorithms in C/C++/Java
   • Caesar Cipher
   • Monoalphabetic Cipher
   • Playfair Cipher
   • Hill Cipher
   • Vigenere Cipher
   • Rail Fence Cipher
   • Row Transposition Cipher
   • Simple Columnar Transposition Cipher
   • Vernam Cipher
   • Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange
   • RSA Algorithm
2. Implement the following using any programming language:
   • MD5
   • SHA-1
3. Implement Digital Signature Algorithm

Course Outcomes

Upon completion of this lab, students will be able to:

1. Implement and analyze various cryptographic algorithms.
2. Understand the strengths and weaknesses of different cryptographic techniques.
3. Apply cryptographic algorithms to secure data and communications.