The concepts developed in this course will aid in quantification of several concepts in chemistry introduced at the 10+2 levels. Technology is increasingly based on electronic, atomic and molecular level modifications. Understanding phenomena at nanometer levels requires description of chemical processes at molecular levels.
Course Outcomes
After completing this course, students will be able to:
Analyze microscopic chemistry in terms of atomic and molecular orbitals and intermolecular forces
Rationalize bulk properties and processes using thermodynamic considerations
Distinguish the ranges of electromagnetic spectrum used for exciting different molecular energy levels in spectroscopic techniques
Rationalize periodic properties like ionization potential, electronegativity, oxidation states and electronegativity
List major chemical reactions used in molecule synthesis
Detailed Syllabus
Unit I: Atomic and Molecular Structure (7 Hours)
Schrodinger equation
Particle in a box solutions and applications for conjugated molecules and nanoparticles
Molecular orbitals and energy level diagrams of diatomic molecules
Pi-molecular orbitals of butadiene and benzene
Crystal field theory
Band structure of solids and doping effects
Unit II: Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications (7 Hours)
Electronic spectroscopy: Principle and instrumentation
Electronic transitions, Chromophores and auxochromes
Factors affecting max value and spectral line intensity
Fluorescence and its medical applications
Vibrational and rotational spectroscopy of diatomic molecules
Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR): Principles and applications
Unit III: Intermolecular Forces and Potential Energy Surfaces (5 Hours)
Ionic, dipolar and van Der Waals interactions
Deviations of real gases from ideal behavior
Equations of state of real gases (van der Waals equation)
Critical phenomena and constants
Potential energy surfaces of H3, H2F and HCN
Unit IV: Use of Free Energy in Chemical Equilibria (7 Hours)
Thermodynamic functions: energy, entropy and free energy
Estimations of entropy and free energies
Free energy and emf, Cell potentials, Nernst equation
Acid base, oxidation reduction and solubility equilibria
Water chemistry: Hardness, problems and softening methods
Corrosion: Types, mechanisms and protective measures
Unit V: Periodic Properties (6 Hours)
Effective nuclear charge and orbital penetration
Variations of orbital energies in periodic table
Electronic configurations
Atomic and ionic sizes, ionization energies
Electron affinity and electronegativity
Oxidation states and molecular geometries
Unit VI: Stereochemistry (5 Hours)
Representations of 3D structures
Structural isomers and stereoisomers
Configurations, symmetry and chirality
Enantiomers and diastereomers
Optical activity and absolute configurations
Conformational analysis of ethane, propane & butane
Unit VII: Organic Reactions and Drug Molecule Synthesis (5 Hours)
Substitution reactions: Electrophilic, Nucleophilic (SN1 & SN2) and free radical
Friedel Craft alkylation reaction
Halogenation of alkanes
Addition reactions: Types and mechanisms
Elimination reactions (E1 & E2)
Synthesis of a commonly used drug molecule
Suggested Books
University Chemistry by B.H. Mahan
Physical Chemistry by P.W. Atkins
Organic Chemistry by Volhardt & Schore
Chemistry Lab (BTCH102-18)
Course Details
Course Code: BTCH102-18
Credits: 1 (L:0, T:0, P:2)
Course Objectives
The Chemistry Lab course provides students with practical experience in conducting experiments to illustrate chemical principles, measure physical properties, and synthesize compounds. Students will learn to analyze and interpret data from their experiments.
Laboratory Outcomes
The chemistry laboratory course consists of experiments illustrating principles of chemistry relevant to science and engineering. Students will learn to:
Estimate rate constants of reactions from concentration of reactants/products as a function of time
Measure molecular/system properties such as surface tension, viscosity, conductance of solutions, redox potentials, chloride content of water, etc
Synthesize a small drug molecule and analyze a salt sample
List of Experiments
Choice of 10-12 experiments from:
Determination of surface tension and viscosity
Thin Layer Chromatography
Ion exchange column for removal of hardness of water
Colligative properties using freezing point depression
Determination of the rate constant of a reaction
Determination of cell constant and conductance of solutions
Potentiometry-determination of redox potentials and emf
Synthesis of a polymer/drug
Saponification/acid value of an oil
Chemical analysis of a salt
Lattice structures and packing of spheres
Models of potential energy surfaces
Chemical oscillations- Iodine clock reaction
Determination of partition coefficient between immiscible liquids
Adsorption of acetic acid by charcoal
Use of capillary viscometers to demonstrate isoelectric point